Management • Heavy damage on small trees may require spraying with an … Answer: Thank you for contacting us regarding your tree issues. A lot of the needles had dropped off the trees. My tree man said he thought it was from the drought in our area. It starts on the inner and lower growth and progresses upward through the tree. • Top-kill or death of small trees possible. The most common cause for needle drop is simply natural causes. Tree Installation: Process and Practices, The Education Store, Purdue Extension resource center For example, Colorado Blue Spruce are very sensitive to prolonged exposure to standing water, a leading cause of water stress leading to extreme needle drop. It starts on the inner and lower growth and progresses upward through the tree. As the name implies, trees with needlecast diseases shed needles. If your site tends to be wet, try white spruce (Picea glauca). Winter can be hard on all of us — including trees. In general, the needles on a Colorado blue spruce last eight to 10 years before finally turning brown and dropping. Resources Needlecasts. • Feeds on branch tips of white, black, and blue spruce shorter than 15 feet tall. Later the needles turn brown or purplish brown on blue spruce. Purdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources. Purdue Extension: Expert Resources for COVID-19, Crop Diagnostic Training and Research Center, An equal access, equal opportunity university. How to Care for a Diseased Blue Spruce Tree. Purdue Extension: Expert Resources for COVID-19 Unfortunately, fungicides will not control this disease however, if it is detected early the tree can be saved by pruning (prune when the tree is dry to avoid the spreading of spores on pruning tools) and maintaining tree vigor through a fertilizer schedule and watering during dry periods. The damage I see is, needles turn brown and fall off. Blue spruce trees are widely planted due to their good growth rate, stately form and, of course, their blue foliage. During most years, the browning and needle drop is hardly noticeable. Trees planted close together in groups or close together in a tree line tend to especially be affected by this disease. Tree Planting and Urban Forestry Videos, Subscribe to our Purdue Extension-FNR YouTube Channel, Lindsey Purcell, Urban Forestry Specialist Close inspection with a hand lens reveals rows of distinct black specks on affected needles. Cytospora canker is expressed through dead areas, known as cankers, which form at the base of the branches. Read More ››. A combination of factors is likely causing the decline of blue spruce trees throughout Michigan It seems that everywhere you look you see Colorado blue spruce is showing needle loss, dead branches, browning foliage and even large trees dying across Michigan’s landscapes (Photo 1). I have a blue spruce that is about 40 years old and maybe 30 feet tall. “There are a number of things that can make life hard for blue spruce,” Ploehn said. Rhizosphaera needle cast (Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii) is a foliar disease of spruce trees. Needle cast will rarely kill a tree however if a tree is infected for 3-4 years severe needle loss can occur. Trees that were under water during last year’s wet spring/early summer may be exhibiting stress in the form of browning/needle drop for the first time this spring. Environmental factors can influence this cycle as well; for example, a tree that is under stress from things like drought, soil compaction or excessive moisture will enhance needle drop. Needle drop naturally occurs seasonally in blue spruce. Rhizosphaera needle cast disease can be diagnosed by looking at the discolored needles with a magnifying glass; the fungus pushes through the … It starts on the inner and lower growth and progresses upward through the tree. It is most common in trees growing outside of their native range. The tops of tall pine and spruce trees are especially vulnerable, way up high where the wind is even stronger and colder. Needle cast diseases can be effectively controlled with fungicides containing chlorothalonil. The needles drop the following summer or autumn, about 12-15 months after infestation. Protecting new growth as it emerges is very important. It is dying up the middle. Recently, he told WKBN news that his “trees weren’t looking very good. Heavily infected trees may require several years of fungicide applications but should be sprayed, soil drenches are not effective. Needlecast fungi … For a larger infestation chemical control may be required. Rhizosphaera needle cast (Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii) is a foliar disease of spruce trees. Damaged needles turn brown and the tree starts to die at the top. FNR Ask The Expert: Planning and Resources for Conservation Tree Planting, Ask an Expert: Handling Harvested Deer, Processing and Cooking Deer After Harvest, Wildlife Food Plot Establishment and Management Webinar, Wildlife Habitat Hints: Prescribed Fire Techniques – Backing Fire, ID That Tree: Winged Sumac (Fall Color Edition), Video, ID That Tree Fall Color: Sugar Maple, Video, Hardwood Ecosystem Experiment Treatment: Uneven-aged Management, Introduction to Nature of Teaching Sneak Peek Videos, An equal access, equal opportunity university. There are several reasons why a spruce trees needles might turn brown and drop. Ask an Expert Question: Blue Spruce dying, what can I do? If mites are present you will see small black specks moving on the paper. Young trees may be killed by this disease, but usually branches die off after 3-4 consecutive years of defoliation, causing trees to look disfigured. With needle cast, needles may look yellow by mid to late summer and turn brown or purplish brown by late winter or early spring. Needles will stay on a spruce tree for 2-3 years before dropping, typically from the inside of the tree and on older branches. Unfortunately, blue spruce trees are subject to a wide range of insect and disease problems that can impact their growth and aesthetic appeal. Extension – Porter County, people are calling to ask why their trees are losing needles or branches are turning brown. For Rhizosphaera needle cast, two properly-timed applications per year for at least two consecutive years, and sometimes three years, is required for control. The key is whether the tree is replacing those lost needles with new healthy growth. It can take up to 15 months for the needles to show visible symptoms after the initial infection. These black dots are fungal spores and can easily be seen with a magnifying glass.
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