It has a variety of distinctive songs, and this extensive repertoire of melodies has led it to be known as cuitiacoache (songbird) in Mexico. [5], Variations are markedly different with each subspecies. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY, USA. It can be tricky to glimpse a Brown Thrasher in a tangled mass of shrubbery, and once you do you may wonder how such a boldly patterned, gangly bird could stay so hidden. [16][17], The curve-billed thrasher is commonly found throughout the southwestern United States from Arizona's Sonoran Desert across New Mexico to west Texas, southeastern Colorado and southwestern Kansas as well as most of Mexico from the Sonoran-Chihuahuan Deserts and south through the Mexican Plateau into Central Tamaulipas, inland to Oaxaca, and on the coast of Sonora to Nayarit. Its population is declining. [3][5] In situations where food is scarce, parents feed older fledglings first. However, the tail is short relative to other thrasher species. The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis 1966–2015. Curve-billeds will also sip nectar from saguaro blossoms and eat insects trapped within, serving as pollinators in the process. It has a long tail, a long slightly curved bill, and strong sturdy legs well suited to “thrashing” about on the ground. The ibis is a general term for long legged bird. T.c. Curve-billed Thrasher are fairly common, but their populations declined by just under 1% between 1966 and 2015 (representing a cumulative decline of about 14% over the whole period), according to the North American Breeding Bird Survey. The curve-billed thrasher (Toxostoma curvirostre) is a medium-sized mimid that is a member of the genus Toxostoma, native to the southwestern United States and much of Mexico. [9], The most distinctive voice of the curve-billed is an abrupt and brash whit-wheet, which sounds akin to a person whistling to get one's attention. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD, USA. [5] Palmeri types have been spotted in Florida, while curvirostre have been found in Iowa on several occasions. Curve-billed Thrashers eat a variety of insects, spiders, and snails, along with fruit and seeds. [4][5], One recorded case of courtship behavior involving curve-billed thrashers describes two males attacking each other vigorously and resorting to purring and hissings sounds when neither bird appeared to relent. Toxostoma dorsale or 'crissale', family Mimidae ‘The most prominent feature of the crissal thrasher is its very distinctive long curved bill.’ They will vigorously work to destroy each other's nests, although typically only roosting nests, not breeding nests, are destroyed. Tail is long with reddish-brown undertail coverts. [5], The curve-billed thrasher is an omnivore. Face is finely streaked, eyes are dark, and black bill is very long and down curved. The curve-billed thrasher (Toxostoma curvirostre) is a medium-sized mimid that is a member of the genus Toxostoma, native to the southwestern United States and much of Mexico.Referred to as the default desert bird, it is a non-migratory species. [18]:168-187, Predators, which mainly focus on young birds, include snakes, coyotes, and roadrunners. This may account for very low brood success in the species, as only 20% of nests are successful in a year. [16][17] The curve-billed is heavier and is more likely to inhabit suburban regions; Bendires' are likely to avoid dense vegetation such as mesquite and prefers open grassland with scattered yucca or around hedgegrows in agricultural areas. The same study suggested that the Sierra Madre Occidental acts as a barrier to initiate differentiation within the species. A. and A. S. Love. A few nests have even been discovered inside cavities in large saguaro and sycamore trees. [2], In comparison with other desert thrashers, the curve-billed is not as particular with habitats and can be found from ground level up to 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The Sibley Guide to Birds, second edition. from the tops of mesquites. [6] This contrasts with an earlier suggestion that curve-billed and ocellated thrashers are closest relatives. Perhaps because of this strong pair bond, courtship displays are rare—apparently involving chases, chase-flights, and quiet countersinging as the birds face each other. [4] The curve-billed can utter songs consecutively two or three times, the length spanning from 2 to 15 seconds. More apparent are territorial clashes between males that often involve aerial battles in which combatants lock bills and fall to the ground, flapping and kicking. [2] Juveniles are lacking in pale tips, rectrices, abdominal feathers are unkempt and upper parts and chest are washed rufously. [2] If there is an adequate amount of desert vegetation near human habitation, along with feeders, the curve-billed can adapt within these environments. insularum is paler with more grey than T.c. Anderson & Anderson noted a minimum nest distance of a highly unusual 6 inches (neither nest was destroyed by the either throughout the entire season), although average interspecies nest distances were well over a hundred feet. [3] The fledging period ranges from 11 to 18 days. Most nests are constructed 3–5 feet above ground in shrubs, small oaks, acacia, mesquite, cholla, prickly pear, nopalo, mistletoe, and yucca, though some as low as 1 foot and as high as 9 feet have been reported. ... Any of several New World passerine songbirds, of the genus Toxostoma, that have a long, downward-curved beak. Find out more about their food and feeding station preferences at the Project FeederWatch Common Feeder Birds bird list. The thrush is a surprising bird. [4], The curve-billed breeding season begins in February and reaches an apex between March and May; however, new fledglings have been recorded as late as August. The body is compact with a large head, short wings and long tail. Its upperparts are bright cinnamon, broken only by two, thin, white wing bars; its white breast is heavily streaked in brown. Referred to as the default desert bird,[2] it is a non-migratory species. [5] Other than previously noted exceptions, the curve-billed is essentially non-vagrant. Version 2.07.2017. This species often comes to seeds, berries, insects, and water if offered, particularly on platform feeders or on the ground. Partners in Flight estimates a global breeding population of 3.4 million. Curve-billed Thrashers are especially irascible if others of its species approach their nest too closely, but they nest in harmony next to Bendire’s, Long-billed, and Crissal Thrashers. Large yards might even host a nesting pair in native vegetation. from the tops of mesquites. The curve-billed thrasher sometimes mimicks several other species, though not to the extent of other mimids. It has two prominent white wing bars, a rich brown color on its top side, and a creamy white breast heavily streaked with brown. The curve-billed has also been spotted eating dog food, and will feed it to their chicks. Light bluish-green to pale yellow with reddish-brown speckling. Other examples include T.c. Several subspecies have been classified since 1827, though there is no consensus on the number. The eastern subspecies has more distinct spots on its chest, more white along the tips and retraces and obvious wing bars. Legs and feet are gray-brown. Several subspecies have been classified since 1827, though there is no consensus on the number. Longevity records of North American birds. (2014). The victor flew towards the female and both chirped melodically before copulation. [5] Egg color varies; they can appear bluish green to pale yellowish blue, spotted abundantly in reddish brown.
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