should keep their fingernails trimmed very short. Both front legs should be identified and pulled out of the vagina using A dead lamb/kid may be more easily removed by having a This stage lasts about 1-2 hours (15 to 30 minutes per lamb/kid). Visible signs of second stage labor include appearance of the water sac and evidence of a foot or leg exiting the birth canal. This This is done by not to intervene as long as progress is being made. A lamb/kid that has an extra large head and shoulders or is just an Applying too much traction. Tradition states pull on the legs to make sure that the legs and head are from the same lamb/kid. Attempt to rotate the lamb/kid to an upright position. Once both shoulders are through the canal, pressure can be placed on both veterinarian perform a. the finger should contract. birth canal. Gently poking the eye - the lamb/kid usually moves its head. Clean the vulva, anus, and surrounding areas with dilute chlorhexidine (Nolvasan) In some cases, section. upward direction (towards the tail of the mother) until the hips of the If the problem is simultaneous delivery of twins, repel one back into the overall large lamb/kid. If in stage 2, any of the following occurs: The mother has been straining for 30 minutes with no progress. spinal block (epidural) administered. Do this If manipulations need to be performed, it is very beneficial to have a If the fetal membranes have not passed within 12 hours after delivery. Eventually, a large "bubble" or water bag will appear, break, and expel the water. This allows For extra control, a head snare or a loop of sterilized rope can be should not be performed unless completely necessary. that it is not good for the ewe/doe to eat her placenta. Sometimes a chain can be placed on the retained limb for Once the lamb/kid is properly positioned, it can be removed routinely. uterus with one hand while positioning the head with the other. The head should also be held and rotated along with the body. Visible signs of early labor may or may not remove it. trying to push. A common error of the inexperienced producer is the techniques found in the previous information. Some signs that may be seen include uneasiness, kicking, pawing the insert the hand with gentle force into the vagina and pelvic areas. Many animals die because of prolonged manipulation of lambs the hock of one leg into a flexed position. pelvis. A good rule of thumb is routinely. The shoulder of this limb should be pulled through the birth canal. Failure of the cervix to completely dilate. There are a few hard and fast rules about handling dystocia, and gradually previous information. If more space is required, one hand can be placed on the chest or head of Check ewes/does often. by crossing the legs and placing pressure on the upper leg and shoulders, while bleeding from the rectum of the mother or a swollen tongue of the lamb or rotating. A lamb/kid in this position is often dead or very weak. allowing the widest part of the lamb/kid (the hips from side-to-side) to chains/handles: Abnormal Presentations, Positions, and Postures: All of the steps (1-7) outlined above should be followed in each dystocia uterus while holding the other. the lamb/kid is alive or dead. Checking rectal tone by placing a finger in the rectum - the tissue around A weak, yet live lamb/kid, needs fast removal. This is done by understanding that the joints on the front If the legs and head are not from the same lamb/kid, take plenty of time to A large lamb/kid should be rotated 45-90 degrees before attempting to Never try The head can be turned to either side, straight behind or even down of the lamb/kid must be corrected before attempting to remove the lamb/kid. Orient the legs and head of the same Forcing the hand forward during a contraction or with a The head can then be manipulated into the If an animal is in stage 1 of labor for longer than 8 hours. correcting the problem. to a plastic obstetrical sleeve. infection of the female reproductive tract, vaginal examination of the ewe/doe proper procedures. Once the legs are accessible, the lamb/kid is rotated to normal position ground, lying down and getting up frequently, and sporadic urinating or All traction placed on the lamb/kid should coincide with the mother having towards the pelvis. Chains or straps should be placed on both front legs with one loop of the way. This may mean a cesarean This is accomplished by putting a lamb saver or and evidence of a foot or leg exiting the birth canal. If the ewe/doe is down, traction should first be placed on the lambs or one lamb/kid, and then follow the same steps to deliver the second, third, etc. Beyond Note: In most cases where assistance has been given, it is It is also recommended that during the lambing/kidding season producers people manually pulling should ever be used. Rotation As labor progresses, the ewe will spend more time lying down on her side with her head turned in the air. Then hind limbs may be present. The animal is showing signs of severe distress or fatigue, including With one hand, try to cup the end of the hoof on the leg(s) that is be seen in all animals. extra control. Rotate the lamb/kid if necessary, using the information found in the A lamb/kid that is not in the proper presentation, position, or posture. etc.) lamb/kid are removed. Once both legs are exposed, the lamb/kid can be delivered routinely. the same time. Placing a finger in the mouth and feeling the lamb/kid suckle. the baby is positioned correctly. One of the criteria for making a plan of action involves determining if the lamb/kid. forward movement should be done during the breaks in the uterine This is done by performing the following (In some cases, it may be necessary to get the hind limbs Clean the vulva and surrounding area and use a lubricant (J-Lube, etc.). Frequently, this is where the umbilical cord is compressed and the attached to the mouth of the lamb/kid and around the pole of its head. Some ewes paw gently while others will create huge mounds of bedding in an effort to create a welcoming area for delivery. lamb/kid struggles to breathe. lamb/kid in the normal presentation, position, and posture for delivery. Never apply traction to a lamb/kid with the head or It can visually be determined that the lamb/kid is coming in an abnormal through the birth canal. This stage lasts 1-8 hours and may be longer in first time mothers. Visible signs of second stage labor include appearance of the water sac Carefully scrub hands and arms with soap and water, and apply a mild Pull the foot towards the middle Normal presentation and position, except one or both front legs are retained: Two front legs are coming through the pelvis, but the head is turned back: Normal presentation, but upside down and leg(s) retained: Backward presentation, upside down, and both legs retained (breech): Backward presentation and right-side up, but legs retained: With multiple births, it is common to have the legs of repel (push back) the head of the lamb/kid that is present and follow the legs problems, and very possibly an eversion or prolapse of the vagina and uterus. When a ewe/doe has been If the lamb/kid is fairly large, it should be rotated 45-90 degrees, pass more readily through the widest part of the mothers pelvis. trauma, and infection, never try to force the cervix open. Allowing the mother to be in labor too long before giving assistance. Deliver The same technique is used to reposition the opposite leg. It may also be necessary to push the body of the lamb/kid back into the Shape the hand into a natural wedge, with the fingers tight together. Then force the hock upwards and opposite of each other. a contraction and pushing. Stage 2 ends with birth of the lamb/kid. of the lamb/kid and backwards towards the vagina. will help give some control. It should be determined if the front or hind legs are coming through the one lamb/kid and the head of another entering the opening of the birth canal at Delivery of a lamb/kid that is coming backward, but in normal position and other hand can be used to cup and pull the retained limb into the pelvis. the lamb/kid must be delivered quickly to avoid suffocation. Make sure the legs are all from the same lamb/kid. C. Stage 3: At this point the lamb/kid can be rotated back to normal and removed kids lower limb. Next, apply liberal amounts of a lubricant jelly (K-Y Jelly, Lubrivet, case. posture: * Because the head of the lamb/kid is immersed in fluids during the delivery, Delivering the hind legs first will allow the head to follow naturally.
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