Bush. The fact that so many women worked outside the home ran counter to the myth in popular culture that emphasized the importance of traditional gender roles. For example, Nixon's “Checkers” speech, which was carried on TV, kept him in the running for vice president in 1952, and the televised Army‐McCarthy hearings proved that the senator from Wisconsin was a dangerous demagogue, a point that was emphasized on Edward R. Murrow's See It Now exposé in 1954. The 30‐year construction program skewed the nation's transportation policy in favor of cars and trucks and resulted in reduced spending on urban mass transit and railroads. Evangelist Billy Graham, Protestant minister Norman Vincent Peale, and Roman Catholic Bishop Fulton J. Sheen emerged as the spokespersons for the revival, and they used the newest mass medium — television — to carry their message to millions of Americans. Despite the expansion of Social Security, older Americans often lived in substandard housing with inadequate food and medical care. Michael Harrington's The Other America (1962) documented poverty in the United States and revealed that, by 1960, 35 million Americans lived below the poverty line (defined as a family of four with an annual income of less than $3,000). John Kenneth Galbraith’s work of economic history, The Affluent Society is (1958), outlines how World War II reshaped America’s public and private sector wealth for the worse. This he compares to the western way towards affluence, which he terms as the "Galbraithean way" where "man’s wants are great, not to say infinite, whereas his … This theory was first articulated by Marshall Sahlins at a symposium entitled "Man the Hunter" held in … Popular culture. The basis of Sahlins’ argument is that hunter-gatherer societies are able to achieve affluence by desiring little and meeting those needs/desires with what is available to them. With a nationwide inoculation program, polio disappeared from the United States. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. Television replaced the radio as the dominant form of home entertainment. The Affluent Society The 1950s are often seen as a counterpoint to the decades that followed it — a period of conformity, prosperity, and peace (after the Korean War ended), as compared to the rebellion, unrest, and war that began in the 1960s. One of the most notable “roundups” of illegal immigrants occurred in Texas during the summer and fall of 1954 when 80,000 Mexicans were deported in Operation Wetback. The book sought to clearly outline the manner in which the post–World War II United States was becoming wealthy in the private sector but remained poor in the public sector, lacking social and physical infrastructure, and perpetuating income disparities. “The Original Affluent Society" SummaryIn this article the author asserts that development must be evaluated in different termsthan have been previously established. The book sparked much public discussion at the time. Yet when you come to examine it the original affluent society was none other than the hunter's - in which all the people's material wants … Many of the ideas present… Factory employment declined because of improvements in productivity and technology, while the number of white‐collar jobs in the clerical, sales, and service sectors grew. Committed to limiting the role of the government in the economy, the administration was ready to act when circumstances demanded it. The United States experienced a religious revival in the 1950s, with more than 60 percent of Americans reporting they belonged to a church or synagogue, as opposed to less than 50 percent before World War II. The growth of these “bedroom” communities, where residents lived on the outskirts of town and commuted to work, meant that the automobile became more important than ever before. When prosperity returned in the mid‐1950s, so did invitations to Mexican guest workers. It is also credited with popularizing the term "conventional wisdom". The number of women working outside the home increased significantly in the '50s. Even with three recessions during the eight years of the Eisenhower administration, the country's per capita income rose and inflation remained low. The "original affluent society" is a theory postulating that hunter-gatherers were the original affluent society. In fact, Eisenhower supported some components of the New Deal, such as Social Security, whose coverage was expanded to the self‐employed, farm workers, and military personnel; and the federal minimum wage, which rose to $1 an hour during his administration. The Seaway, a joint American‐Canadian effort completed in 1959, gave ocean‐going ships access to the Great Lakes. TV Guide became the nation's leading magazine, and food companies introduced frozen meals called TV dinners. From Vice President to President: George H.W. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Although some Republicans hoped that Eisenhower would dismantle all of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal programs, the president realized that doing so was neither possible nor desirable. The influx of people to the suburbs that began after World War II continued unabated throughout the 1950s. and any corresponding bookmarks? Modern Republicanism represented a pragmatic approach to domestic policy. Americans had more discretionary income, and they spent it on cars, homes, television sets, and an array of other household appliances. Advances in medicine included new antibiotics and, perhaps most important, a successful vaccine against poliomyelitis, a disease that had crippled millions of children. Affluent- having more than enough of whatever is required to satisfy consumption needs. Previous Consequently, shopping centers became a distinctive feature on the suburban landscape during the decade, and cities' central business districts showed signs of decline. The Civil Rights Movement, Next Galbraith, who passed away in 2006, was a leading advocate for both democratic socialism and twentieth-century … The Affluent Society is a 1958 (4th edition revised 1984) book by Harvard economist John Kenneth Galbraith. Meanwhile, population growth slowed in cities and decreased in rural areas, and by 1960, nearly 40 percent of all Americans lived in suburbia. Suburban America. This he calls the "Zen road to affluence, which states that human material wants are finite and few, and technical means unchanging but on the whole adequate" (Sahlins, Original). Although the most popular television programs were situation comedies (I Love Lucy), game shows (The $64,000 Question), and adult westerns ( Gunsmoke), television in the 1950s was not the “vast wasteland” that critics often claimed. Modern Republicanism. Drawing the largest audience of teenage television viewers was Dick Clark's American Bandstand, a program showcasing the music of rock 'n' roll. Rock 'n' roll also helped to bring black artists such as Chuck Berry into the entertainment mainstream. The Interstate Highway Act, passed in 1956, authorized the federal government to finance 90 percent of the cost of building the interstate system through a tax on automobiles, parts, and gasoline that went into the Highway Trust Fund. While these changes were subtle reminders of the ideological struggle of the Cold War (Americans believed in God; Communists were atheists), they also reflected the mood of the country. Although union membership began to drop late in the decade, organized labor made significant gains. Rock 'n' roll grew out of the African‐American rhythm and blues (R & B) tradition when, around 1954, white singers began imitating R & B groups or melding R & B and country styles. According to the supporters of this theory, which was first proposed by American anthropologist Marshall Sahlins in 1966 at a science symposium, hunter-gatherers had … The number of television sets in American homes grew from a few thousand at the end of World War II to nearly 46 million by 1960. Murrow's series, which ran from 1951 to 1958, also brought the plight of migrant farm workers to the attention of Americans.
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